Answer 1

Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate can be distinguished by sodium bicarbonate test.

Sodium bicarbonate test:

Acids react with NaHCO₃ to produce brisk effervescence due to the evolution of CO₂ gas.

Benzoic acid being an acid responds to this test, but ethylbenzoate does not.

`C_6H_5COOH + NaHCO_3 -> C_6H_5COONa + CO_2 uarr + H_2O`

Benzoic acid                                   Sodium benzoate

`C_6H_5COOC_2H_5 + NaHCO_3 ->` No effervescence due to evolution of CO₂ gas