Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
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Solution
Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate can be distinguished by sodium bicarbonate test.
Sodium bicarbonate test:
Acids react with NaHCO3 to produce brisk effervescence due to the evolution of CO2 gas.
Benzoic acid being an acid responds to this test, but ethylbenzoate does not.
`C_6H_5COOH + NaHCO_3 -> C_6H_5COONa + CO_2 uarr + H_2O`
Benzoic acid Sodium benzoate
`C_6H_5COOC_2H_5 + NaHCO_3 ->` No effervescence due to evolution of CO2 gas
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