Question

Explain by drawing a figure of the electronic configuration. 

Formation of sodium chloride from sodium and chlorine. 

Answer 1

Atomic number of Sodium(Na) atom is 11.
Electronic configuration is :
Na = 2, 8, 1
So it contains 1 valence electron. In order to achieve the nearest noble gas configuration, it loses one electron to form Sodium ion.
Na⁺ = 2,8

Atomic number of Chlorine(Cl) atom is 17.
Electronic configuration is :
Cl = 2, 8, 7
So it contains 7 valence electron. In order to achieve the nearest noble gas configuration, it gains one electron to form Chloride ion.
Cl^- = 2,8
An Ionic bond is formed between sodium ion and chloride ion by complete transfer of electron from sodium to chlorine.