Question

Explain by drawing a figure of the electronic configuration. 

Formation of magnesium chloride from magnesium and chlorine. 

Answer 1

Atomic number of Magnesium(12) atom is 12.
Electronic configuration is :
Mg = 2, 8, 2
So it contains 2 valence electrons. In order to achieve the nearest noble gas configuration, it loses two electrons to form a Magnesium ion.
Mg²⁺ = 2,8

Atomic number of Chlorine(Cl) atom is 17.
Electronic configuration is :
Cl = 2, 8, 7
So it contains 7 valence electrons. In order to achieve the nearest noble gas configuration, it gains one electron to form a Chloride ion.
Cl^- = 2,8
An Ionic bond is formed between a Magnesium ion and two Chloride ions by the complete transfer of one electron to each Chlorine ion.