Distinguish between conductors and insulators of electricity. - Concept of Static Electricity

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Distinguish between conductors and insulators of electricity.

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DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS OF ELECTRICITY: CONDUCTORS INSULATORS (i) They allow the current electricity to flow through them. Do not allow the current electricity to flow through them. (ii) They have a large number of free electrons. They have a small number of free electrons. (iii) All metals like Ag, Cu, iron, gold, wet wood etc. Cotton, dry wood, rubber, glass distilled water etc. (iv) Conductors cannot be charged by rubbing. Can be charged by rubbing.

shaalaa.com · Answer

DISTINCTIONS BETWEEN CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS OF ELECTRICITY: Basis For Comparison Conductor Insulator Definition Material which permits the electric current or heat to pass through it. Restrict the electric current or heat to pass through it. Electric Field Exist on the surface but remain zero inside the conductor. Do not exit on insulator. Magnetic Field Store energy Do not store energy Potential Remain same at all the point on a conductor. Remain zero. Thermal Conductivity High Low Covalent bond Weak Strong Conductivity Very high Low Resistance Low High Electrons Freely move Do not move freely Resistivity Vary from high to low High Temperature coefficient Positive temperature coefficient of resistance Negative temperature coefficient of resistance Conduction band Full of electrons Remain empty Valence Band Remains Empty Full of electrons Forbidden gap No forbidden gap Large forbidden gap Examples Irons, aluminium, silver, copper, etc. Rubber, Wood, Paper, etc. Application For making electrical wires and conductor As insulation in electrical cables or conductor, for supporting electrical equipment etc.

Distinguish between conductors and insulators of electricity. - Physics

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CONDUCTORS	INSULATORS
(i) They allow the current electricity to flow through them.	Do not allow the current electricity to flow through them.
(ii) They have a large number of free electrons.	They have a small number of free electrons.
(iii) All metals like Ag, Cu, iron, gold, wet wood etc.	Cotton, dry wood, rubber, glass distilled water etc.
(iv) Conductors cannot be charged by rubbing.	Can be charged by rubbing.

Basis For Comparison	Conductor	Insulator
Definition	Material which permits the electric current or heat to pass through it.	Restrict the electric current or heat to pass through it.
Electric Field	Exist on the surface but remain zero inside the conductor.	Do not exit on insulator.
Magnetic Field	Store energy	Do not store energy
Potential	Remain same at all the point on a conductor.	Remain zero.
Thermal Conductivity	High	Low
Covalent bond	Weak	Strong
Conductivity	Very high	Low
Resistance	Low	High
Electrons	Freely move	Do not move freely
Resistivity	Vary from high to low	High
Temperature coefficient	Positive temperature coefficient of resistance	Negative temperature coefficient of resistance
Conduction band	Full of electrons	Remain empty
Valence Band	Remains Empty	Full of electrons
Forbidden gap	No forbidden gap	Large forbidden gap
Examples	Irons, aluminium, silver, copper, etc.	Rubber, Wood, Paper, etc.
Application	For making electrical wires and conductor	As insulation in electrical cables or conductor, for supporting electrical equipment etc.