Numerical
Calculate the amount of lime (85% pure) and soda (95% pure) required to soften one million litre of water which contains CaCO3 = 12. 5ppml MgCO3 = 8.4ppml
CaCl2 = 22.2ppml , MgCl2 = 9.5ppml C02 = 33ppml HCI = Z3ppml organic matter= 16.Bppm
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Solution
| lmpurities(mg/lit) | Multiplication factor | CaC03 equivalent (mg/lit) |
Requirement |
| CaC03=72.5 | `100/100` | `12.5xx 100/100 = 12.5 ` | L |
| MgC03=8.4 | `100/84` | `8.4 xx 100/84= 10` | 2L |
| CaCl2 = 22.2 | `100/111` | `22.2 xx 100/111 = 20` | S |
| MgCl2 = 9.5 | `100/95` | `9.5 xx 100/95 = 10` | L+S |
| C02 = 33 | `100/44` | `33 xx 100/44=75` | L |
| HCl = 7.3 | `100/73` | `7. xx 100/73=10` | L+S |
Nacl does not react with lime and soda.
`LIME=74/100 [caC0_3 "equivalent of " 2 xx MgC0_3 + CaC0_3 + MgCl_2 + HCl+CO_2 ] xx`
`("volume of water")/ 100 xx 100/ (%"purity")`
`74 /100 =xx [2 xx 10 + 12.5 + 10 + 10 + 75] xx 10^6/1000 xx 100/ 85`
= 111000 gms.
`SODA =106/100 [caCO_3 " equivalent of " CaCl_2 + MgCl_2 ] xx ("Volume of water")/ 1000 xx 100/("%purity").`
`= 106/100 [20 + 10] xx 10^6/1000 xx 100/95.`
= 33473.68 qms.
The lime requirement is 111000 gms and soda requirement is 33473.68 gms.
Concept: Softening of water by Hot and Cold lime Soda method and numerical problems
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