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# What is Meant by the Term Bond Order? Calculate the Bond Order Of: N2, O2, O+2+And O−2 - CBSE (Science) Class 11 - Chemistry

ConceptBond Parameters Bond Order

#### Question

What is meant by the term bond order? Calculate the bond order of: N2, O2, O_2^+and O_2^-

#### Solution

Bond order is defined as one half of the difference between the number of electrons present in the bonding and anti-bonding orbitals of a molecule.

If Na is equal to the number of electrons in an anti-bonding orbital, then Nb is equal to the number of electrons in a bonding orbital.

Bond order =  1/2 (N_b-N_a)

If Nb > Na, then the molecule is said be stable. However, if Nb ≤ Na, then the molecule is considered to be unstable.

Bond order of N2 can be calculated from its electronic configuration as:

[sigma(1s)]^2[sigma^"*"(1s)]^2[sigma(2s)]^2[sigma^"*"(2s)]^2[pi(2p_x)]^2[pi(2p_y)^2[sigma(2p_z)]]^2

Number of bonding electrons, Nb = 10

Number of anti-bonding electrons, Na = 4

Bond order of nitrogen molecule  = 1/2(10 - 4)

= 3

There are 16 electrons in a dioxygen molecule, 8 from each oxygen atom. The electronic configuration of oxygen molecule can be written as:

[sigma-(1s)]^2[sigma^"*"(1s)]^2[sigma(2s)]^2[sigma^"*"(2s)]^2[sigma(1p_z)]^2[pi(2p_x)]^2[pi^"*"(2p_y)]^2[pi^"*"(2p_x)]^1[pi^"*"(2p_y)]^1

Since the 1s orbital of each oxygen atom is not involved in boding, the number of bonding electrons = 8 = Nand the number of anti-bonding electrons = 4 = Na.

Bond order  = 1/2(N_b - N_a)

= 1/2 (8-4)

= 2

Hence, the bond order of oxygen molecule is 2.

Similarly, the electronic configuration of O_2^+ can be written as:

KK[sigma(2s)]^2[sigma^"*"(2s)]^2[sigma(2p_z)]^2[pi(2p_x)]^2[pi(2p_y)]^2[pi^"*"(2p_x)]^1

Nb = 8

Na = 3

Bond order of O_2^+  = 1/2 (8 -3)

= 2.5

Thus, the bond order of O_2^+ is  2.5.

The electronic configuration of O_2^- ion will be:

KK[sigma(2s)]^2[sigma^"*"(2s)]^2[sigma(2p_z)]^2[pi(2p_x)]^2[pi(2p_y)]^2[pi^"*"(2p_x)]^2[pi^"*"(2p_y)]^1

Nb = 8

Na = 5

Bond order of O_2^- = 1/2 (8-5)

= 1.5

Thus, the bond order of O_2^- ion is 1.5.

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#### APPEARS IN

NCERT Solution for Chemistry Textbook for Class 11 (2018 to Current)
Chapter 4: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Q: 40 | Page no. 131
Solution What is Meant by the Term Bond Order? Calculate the Bond Order Of: N2, O2, O+2+And O−2 Concept: Bond Parameters - Bond Order.
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