# 40% Students of a College Reside in Hostel and the Remaining Reside Outside. at the End of the Year, 50% of the Hostelers Got a Grade While from Outside Students, Only 30% Got a Grade in the Examination. - Mathematics

40% students of a college reside in hostel and the remaining reside outside. At the end of the year, 50% of the hostelers got A grade while from outside students, only 30% got A grade in the examination. At the end of the year, a student of the college was chosen at random and was found to have gotten A grade. What is the probability that the selected student was a hosteler ?

#### Solution

Let E1 and E2 be the events that the student is a hosteller or an outside student, respectively and A be the event that the chosen student gets A grade.

P(E1)=40%=40/100=0.4

P(E2)=(10040)%=60%=60/100=0.6

P(A|E1)=P(Student getting A grade is a hosteller)=50%=0.5

P(A|E2)=P(Student getting A grade is an outside student)=30%=0.3

The probability that a randomly chosen student is a hosteller, given that he got A grade, is given by P(E1|A).

Using Bayes’ theorem, we get

P(E_1|A)=(P(E1)⋅P(A|E_1))/(P(E_1)⋅P(A|E_1)+P(E_2)⋅P(A|E_2))

=(0.4xx0.5)/(0.4xx0.5+0.6xx0.3)

=0.20/0.38

=10/19

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