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If a light ray does not undergo, refraction at the boundary between two media, the angle of incidence is:
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(a) A ray of monochromatic light enters glass PQRS as shown in the fig. Complete the path of ray till it emerges from the glass. (Critical angle of glass is 420).

(b) Draw diagram of a prism periscope.
(c) What are the advantages of total internal reflecting prism over plane mirror?
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Make the correct choices for each of the following :
Total Internal reflection takes place when
(where ∠i = angle of incidence, ∠r = angle of refraction, ∠C = critical angle)
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In the following figure, show two rays A and B travelling from water to air. If the critical angle for water- air surface is 48°, complete the ray diagram showing the refracted rays for each. State conditions when the ray will suffer total internal reflection.

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A lens forms the image of an object placed at a distance 15 cm from it, at a distance 60 cm in front of it. Find the focal length.
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A convex lens forms an inverted image of size same as that of the object which is placed at a distance 60 cm in front of the lens. Find:
- The position of the image, and
- The focal length of the lens.
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A concave lens forms an erect image of `1/3`rd the size of the object which is placed at a distance 30 cm in front of the lens. Find:
- the position of image, and
- the focal length of the lens.
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The focal length of a convex lens is 25 cm. Express its power with sign.
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The power of a lens is -2.0 D. Find its focal length and its kind.
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Describe how you would determine the focal length of a converging lens, using a plane mirror and one pin. Draw a ray diagram to illustrate your answer.
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The bells of a temple are big in size. Why?
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