AILET entrance exam Question Bank Solutions for Logical Reasoning

Read the following short passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.
For some women, the cost of giving birth can be an unexpectedly large burden. The average normal birth now costs Rs. 3,200 and birth with complications can cost thousands of rupees more. Of women in the primary child-bearing age range of eighteen to twenty-four, who account for about 40 percent of all births in this country annually, more than 25 percent have no health care insurance to pay maternity costs.
lf the above statements are true, which one of the following must also be true?

Read the following short passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.
Products sold under a brand name used to command premium prices because, in general, they were superior to non-brand rival products. Technical expertise in product development has become so widespread, however, that special quality advantages are very hard to obtain these days and even harder to maintain. As a consequence, brand-name products generally neither offer higher quality nor sell at higher prices. Paradoxically, brand names are a bigger marketing advantage than ever.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the paradox outlined above?

Read the following short passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.
The extent to which a society is really free can be gauged by its attitude towards artistic expression. Freedom of expression can easily be violated in even most outwardly democratic of societies. When a government's Arts Council withholds funding from a dance performance that its members deem "obscene", the voice of a few bureaucrats have in fact censored the work of the choreographer, thereby committing the real obscenity of repression.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the argument above?

Read the following short passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.
lt is not generally realised that when a court upholds or invalidates legislation or executive action, it neither approves nor condemns any legislative policy, nor is if concerned with the wisdom or expediency of the administrative action. lt merely determines whether the legislation or executive action is in conformity with or contrary to the provisions of the Constitution. lt discharges the function of guarding the Constitution, no more, no less. Judicial activism is to be properly understood in the context of the extent and the vigour and the readiness with which the courts exercise their power of judicial review. When courts actively perform an interventionist role, we witness the phenomenon of judicial activism. When the judiciary exercises self-restraint in exercising the power of judicial review and limits its role, there is absence of judicial activism. But the pendulum of judicial review is never static and judicial activism, or lack of it is a variable phenomenon.
Which one of the following, if true, would defeat the case presented above?

Read the following short passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.
Traditionally, decision-making by managers that is reasoned and step-by-step has been considered preferable to intuitive decision-making. However, a recent study found that top managers used intuition significantly more than did most middle or lower-level managers. This confirms the alternative view that intuition is actually more effective than careful, methodical reasoning.
The conclusion above is based on which of the following assumptions?

Read the following short passages and answer the questions that follow each passage.
Banker: By transferring income to a retirement account at our bank, people can save money by delaying payment of taxes.
Accountant: That plan won't actually save money because the taxes will have to be paid sometime in the future when the money is withdrawn.
Which one of the following best explains the conflict between the Banker and the Accountant?

A fact situation and result is presented. The following statement has to be separately evaluated in relation to the fact-situation and result' Evaluate these statements with the following sequences of decisions. The first of these that you cannot eliminate is the correct answer.
Situation: Major X, an able officer in the Kapistan Army, failed to receive a promotion for eight years. Then he had been reassigned to a military supply depot in Khawalpindi, despite his university training in engineering and electronics,and his remarkably high-performance ratings from his commanding officers.X had never been an active member of any political party as a youth nor as an adult, yet neither had he given the party or his superiors any cause to doubth is absolute loyalty to Kapistan. X's brother-in-law had been a diplomat in theKapistan government until his death in 1971 in a plane crash on Koviet soil while he was working in the Kapistan Embassy in Kosco. X had always assumed that the mishap was indeed an accident, until his friend Y, a middle-level officer in the interior Ministry, broadly hinted that the plane crash had been an act of sabotage. Soon after the talk with Y, X visited his sister, the diplomat's widow, in her Kosco apartment. During the visit she asked X several questions that struck him as strange and inappropriate. As he was leaving her apartment, she asked X to wear her late husband's scarf and to return to his hotel by way of a certain park. Bewildered, but not wishing to offend his sister, X obeyed her odd instructions.
Result: Two months later, X received a promotion and was made Commander of theKapistan missile division in Kahore.

X's sister had arranged for her husband's fatal accident.

A fact situation and result is presented. The following statement has to be separately evaluated in relation to the fact-situation and result' Evaluate these statements with the following sequences of decisions. The first of these that you cannot eliminate is the correct answer.
Situation: Major X, an able officer in the Kapistan Army, failed to receive a promotion for eight years. Then he had been reassigned to a military supply depot in Khawalpindi, despite his university training in engineering and electronics,and his remarkably high-performance ratings from his commanding officers.X had never been an active member of any political party as a youth nor as an adult, yet neither had he given the party or his superiors any cause to doubth is absolute loyalty to Kapistan. X's brother-in-law had been a diplomat in theKapistan government until his death in 1971 in a plane crash on Koviet soil while he was working in the Kapistan Embassy in Kosco. X had always assumed that the mishap was indeed an accident, until his friend Y, a middle-level officer in the interior Ministry, broadly hinted that the plane crash had been an act of sabotage. Soon after the talk with Y, X visited his sister, the diplomat's widow, in her Kosco apartment. During the visit she asked X several questions that struck him as strange and inappropriate. As he was leaving her apartment, she asked X to wear her late husband's scarf and to return to his hotel by way of a certain park. Bewildered, but not wishing to offend his sister, X obeyed her odd instructions.
Result: Two months later, X received a promotion and was made Commander of the Kapistan missile division in Kahore.

X's sister was an operative in the Kapistan Secret Police, and her husband had been acting as a spy before his death.

A fact situation and result is presented. The following statement has to be separately evaluated in relation to the fact-situation and result' Evaluate these statements with the following sequences of decisions. The first of these that you cannot eliminate is the correct answer.
Situation: Major X, an able officer in the Kapistan Army, failed to receive a promotion for eight years. Then he had been reassigned to a military supply depot in Khawalpindi, despite his university training in engineering and electronics,and his remarkably high-performance ratings from his commanding officers.X had never been an active member of any political party as a youth nor as an adult, yet neither had he given the party or his superiors any cause to doubth is absolute loyalty to Kapistan. X's brother-in-law had been a diplomat in theKapistan government until his death in 1971 in a plane crash on Koviet soil while he was working in the Kapistan Embassy in Kosco. X had always assumed that the mishap was indeed an accident, until his friend Y, a middle-level officer in the interior Ministry, broadly hinted that the plane crash had been an act of sabotage. Soon after the talk with Y, X visited his sister, the diplomat's widow, in her Kosco apartment. During the visit she asked X several questions that struck him as strange and inappropriate. As he was leaving her apartment, she asked X to wear her late husband's scarf and to return to his hotel by way of a certain park. Bewildered, but not wishing to offend his sister, X obeyed her odd instructions.
Result: Two months later, X received a promotion and was made Commander of the Kapistan missile division in Kahore.

X's promotion and reassignment to the Kosco Army Headquarters came as a result of Y's recommendations.

A fact situation and result is presented. The following statement has to be separately evaluated in relation to the fact-situation and result' Evaluate these statements with the following sequences of decisions. The first of these that you cannot eliminate is the correct answer.
Situation: Major X, an able officer in the Kapistan Army, failed to receive a promotion for eight years. Then he had been reassigned to a military supply depot in Khawalpindi, despite his university training in engineering and electronics,and his remarkably high-performance ratings from his commanding officers.X had never been an active member of any political party as a youth nor as an adult, yet neither had he given the party or his superiors any cause to doubth is absolute loyalty to Kapistan. X's brother-in-law had been a diplomat in theKapistan government until his death in 1971 in a plane crash on Koviet soil while he was working in the Kapistan Embassy in Kosco. X had always assumed that the mishap was indeed an accident, until his friend Y, a middle-level officer in the interior Ministry, broadly hinted that the plane crash had been an act of sabotage. Soon after the talk with Y, X visited his sister, the diplomat's widow, in her Kosco apartment. During the visit she asked X several questions that struck him as strange and inappropriate. As he was leaving her apartment, she asked X to wear her late husband's scarf and to return to his hotel by way of a certain park. Bewildered, but not wishing to offend his sister, X obeyed her odd instructions.
Result: Two months later, X received a promotion and was made Commander of the Kapistan missile division in Kahore.

For X, a missile base is a more highly prized assignment than a supply depot.

A fact situation and result is presented. The following statement has to be separately evaluated in relation to the fact-situation and result' Evaluate these statements with the following sequences of decisions. The first of these that you cannot eliminate is the correct answer.
Situation: Major X, an able officer in the Kapistan Army, failed to receive a promotion for eight years. Then he had been reassigned to a military supply depot in Khawalpindi, despite his university training in engineering and electronics,and his remarkably high-performance ratings from his commanding officers.X had never been an active member of any political party as a youth nor as an adult, yet neither had he given the party or his superiors any cause to doubth is absolute loyalty to Kapistan. X's brother-in-law had been a diplomat in theKapistan government until his death in 1971 in a plane crash on Koviet soil while he was working in the Kapistan Embassy in Kosco. X had always assumed that the mishap was indeed an accident, until his friend Y, a middle-level officer in the interior Ministry, broadly hinted that the plane crash had been an act of sabotage. Soon after the talk with Y, X visited his sister, the diplomat's widow, in her Kosco apartment. During the visit she asked X several questions that struck him as strange and inappropriate. As he was leaving her apartment, she asked X to wear her late husband's scarf and to return to his hotel by way of a certain park. Bewildered, but not wishing to offend his sister, X obeyed her odd instructions.
Result: Two months later, X received a promotion and was made Commander of theKapistan missile division in Kahore.

X's failure to win a promotion for eight years was the result of the clerical error in his records.

In the question below is given statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement. 

Statement: As poor people in India prefer and use jaggery rather than sugar, the government has decided to decontrol and scrap sugar distribution through Public Distribution  System (PDS). 

Assumption I: Jaggery is freely available at a reasonable price  to all poor people   

Assumption II: PDS has lost its utility.

In the question below is given statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement. 

Statement: Unless country ‘X’ achieves total literacy, it cannot achieve its mission of development.   

Assumption I: It is possible to achieve total literacy in  country ‘X’.

Assumption II: No development is possible without a proper mission.

In the question below is given statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement. 

Statement: Many species of animals on our earth are still not studied scientifically and if we do not do this work urgently, many species will face extinction. 

Assumption I: Earth may lose all types of life very shortly. 

Assumption II: It is desirable and possible to study scientifically many animal species. 

In the question below is given statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement. 

Statement: Herbs can safety be used for treating diseases of human beings. 

Assumption I: Herbs cannot be used for treating diseases of animals. 

Assumption II: Herbal treatment is getting popular.

Read the following short passage and choose the best answer to the question following the passage.

Some people fear that our first extra-terrestrial visitors will not be the friendly aliens envisaged in popular science fiction movies, but rather hostile invaders bent on global domination. This fear is groundless. Any alien civilization that makes it to our planet must have acquired the wisdom to control war, or it would have destroyed itself long before contacting us. 

The author bases the argument above on which of the following assumptions? 

The question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement.

Statement

• "We must appoint more subordinate officers on our office staff", the manager said to the chairman.

Assumptions

1. Subordinate officers are available.
2. The present office staff is inefficient.

The question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement.

Statement

• The state administration banned the gathering of more than fifty people at any place during the visit of foreign dignitaries to the city.

Assumptions

1. People may avoid gathering at any place in the city during the period of visit of foreign dignitaries.
2. Many people may ignore the prohibitory orders and gather to get a glimpse of the dignitaries.

The question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Statement

• Herbs can safely be used for treating diseases of human beings.

Assumptions

1. Herbs cannot be used for treating diseases of animals.
2. Herbal treatment is getting popular.

The question below is given a statement followed by three assumptions numbered I, II, and III. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted, you have to consider the statement and the assumptions and decide which of the assumption(s) is/are implicit in the statement.

Statement

• The situation of this area still continues to be tense and out of control. People are requested to be in their homes only.

Assumptions

1. There had been some serious incidents.
2. People will not go to the office.
3. Normality will be restored shortly.