Topics
Overview of Computerised Accounting System
- Introduction to Computerised Accounting System
- Computerised Accounting System
- Components of Computerised Accounting System
- Features of Computerised Accounting System
- Grouping of Accounts
- Codification of Accounts
- Methodology to Develop Coding Structure and Coding
- Using Software of Computerised Accounting System
- Advantages of Computerised Accounting System
- Limitations of Computerised Accounting System
- Accounting Information System (AIS)
- Structure of Computerised Accounting System
- Computerised Accounting System (CAS) - Software Packages
- Steps in Installation of CAS (Computerised Accounting System)
- Codification and Hierarchy of Account Heads
- Using Computerized Accounting System - Creation of Accounts
- Using Computerized Accounting System
- Need and Security Features of the Computerized Accounting System
Accountancy I : Not-for-profit Organisation and Partnership Accounts
Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organisation
- Accounts of “Not for Profit” Concerns
- Features of "Not for Profit" Concerns.
- Accounting Records of "Not for Profit" Organisations
- Receipts and Payments Account
- Preparation of Receipts and Payments Account
- Feature of Receipts and Payments Account
- Difference Between Income and Expenditure Account and Profit and Loss Account.
- Preparation of Income and Expenditure Account
- Feature of Income and Expenditure Account
- Preparation of Balance Sheet
- Some Peculiar Items
- Income and Expenditure Account Based on Trial Balance
Accounting for Partnership : Basic Concepts
Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm – Admission of a Partner
- Modes of Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm
- Admission of a New Partner
- Retirement and Death of a Partner - Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio
- Retirement and Death of a Partner - Sacrificing Ratio
- Concept of Goodwill
- Adjustment for Accumulated Profits and Losses
- Accounting for Revaluation of Assets and Reassessment of Liabilities
- Admission of a Partner - Adjustment of Capitals
- Change in Profit Sharing Ratio Among the Existing Partners
- Admission of a Partner - Treatment of Goodwill
- Retirement Or Death of a Partner - Treatment of Goodwill
- Factors Affecting Goodwill
- Methods of Valuation of Goodwill
- Treatment of Goodwill
Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm – Retirement/Death of a Partner
- Ascertaining the Amount Due to Retiring/Deceased Partner
- Retirement and Death of a Partner - Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio
- Retirement and Death of a Partner - Gaining Ratio
- Concept of Goodwill
- Retirement or Death of a Partner - Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities
- Retirement or Death of a Partner - Adjustment of Accumulated Profits and Losses
- Disposal of Amount Due to Retiring Partner
- Adjustment of Partners’ Capitals
- Meaning of Retirement or Death of a Partner
Dissolution of Partnership Firm
Spreadsheet
- Introduction to Spreadsheet
- Basic Concepts of Spreadsheet
- Labels
- Formulas
- Functions
- Other Useful Functions
- Date and Time Function
- Mathematical Function
- Text Manipulation Function
- Logical Function
- Lookup and References Function
- Financial Functions
- Data Entry, Text Management and Cell Formatting
- Data Entry
- Data Validation
- Data Validation Form
- Data Formatting
- Output Reports
- Preparation of Reports Using Pivot Table
- Advantages of Pivot Table (Report)
- Common Errors (Messages) in Spreadsheet
- Data Representation - Graphs, Charts and Diagrams
- Concept of Electronic Spreadsheet (ES)
- Features Offered by Electronic Spreadsheet
- Using Computerised Accounting System - Data
Accountancy II : Company Accounts and Analysis of Financial Statements
Accounting for Share Capital
Issue and Redemption of Debentures
- Meaning of Debentures
- Distinction Between Shares and Debentures
- Types of Debentures
- Issue of Debentures
- Over Subscription of Shares
- Issue of Debentures for Consideration Other than Cash
- Issue of Debentures as Collateral Security for a Loan
- Issue of Debentures with Terms of Redemption
- Interest on Debentures
- Writing off Discount/Loss on Issue of Debentures
- Redemption of Debentures
Financial Statements of a Company
Analysis of Financial Statements
Accounting Ratios
Cash Flow Statement
- Concept of Cash Flow Statement
- Benefits of Cash Flow Statement
- Cash and Cash Equivalents
- Classification of Activities for the Preparation of Cash Flow Statement
- Ascertaining Cash Flow from Operating Activities
- Ascertainment of Cash Flow from Investing and Financing Activities
- Preparation of Cash Flow Statement
Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies
Use of Spreadsheet in Business Applications
- Introduction to Use of Spreadsheet in Business Application
- Payroll Accounting
- Payroll Components
- Elements Used in Payroll Calculation
- Template Design
- Asset Accounting
- Introduction to Asset Accounting
- Computerised Asset Accounting
- Straight Line Method
- Written Down Value (WDV) Method
- Schedule Forming Part of the Balance Sheet
- Loan Repayment Schedule
- Application in Generating Accounting Information - Bank Reconciliation Statement
- Application in Generating Accounting Information - Asset Accounting
- Application in Generating Accounting Information - Loan Repayment of Loan Schedule
- Application in Generating Accounting Information - Ratio Analysis
Accounting for Partnership Firms
- Meaning and Definitions of Partnership and Partnership Deed
- The Indian Partnership Act 1932
- Methods of Capital Accounts - Fixed and Fluctuating Capital Method
- Preparation of Profit and Loss Appropriation Account
- Division of Profit Among Partners
- Guarantee of Profits to a Partner
- Concept of Goodwill
- Factors Affecting Goodwill
- Accounting for Partnership Firms - Reconstitution and Dissolution
- Change in the Profit Sharing Ratio Among the Existing Partners
- Admission of a Partner - Sacrifice Ratio and New Ratio
- Change in the Profit Sharing Ratio Among the Existing Partners - Treatment of Reserves and Accumulated Profits
- Accounting for Revaluation of Assets and Reassessment of Liabilities
- Preparation of Revaluation Account and Balance Sheet
- Effect of Admission of a Partner on Change in the Profit Sharing Ratio
- Admission of a Partner - Treatment of Goodwill
- Change in the Profit Sharing Ratio Among the Existing Partners - Gaining Ratio
- Admission of a Partner - Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities
- Admission of a Partner - Treatment of Reserves and Accumulated Profits
- Admission of a Partner - Adjustment of Capitals
- Admission of a Partner - Preparation of Balance Sheet
- Retirement and Death of a Partner - Effect of Retirement I Death of a Partner on Change in Profit Sharing Ratio
- Retirement Or Death of a Partner - Treatment of Goodwill
- Retirement or Death of a Partner - Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities
- Retirement Or Death of a Partner - Adjustment of Accumulated Profits and Reserves
- Retirement Or Death of a Partner - Adjustment of Capitals
- Retirement and Death of a Partner - Preparation of Balance Sheet
- Retirement Or Death of a Partner - Preparation of Loan Account of the Retiring Partner
- Calculation of Deceased Partner's Share of Profit Till the Date of Death
- Preparation of Deceased Partner's Capital Account, Executor's Account
- Dissolution of Partnership Firm
- Types of Dissolution of a Firm
- Dissolution of a Partnership Firm - Settlement of Accounts
- Dissolution of a Partnership Firm - Preparation of Realization Account, and Other Related Accounts
- Past adjustments
Accounting for Companies
- Accounting for Companies - Introduction
- Theory on Shares
- Types of Shares - Preference Shares Equity Shares
- Accounting for Share Capital
- Nature and Types of Share and Share Capital
- Share Capital - Issue and Allotment of Equity Shares
- Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP)
- Private Placement of Shares
- Public Subscription of Shares
- Over Subscription of Shares
- Under Subscription of Shares
- Issue at Par and Premium and at Discount
- Calls in Advance and Arrears
- Issue of Shares for Consideration Other than Cash
- Accounting Treatment of Forfeiture and Re-issue of Share
- Pro-rata Allotment
- Disclosure of Share Capital in Company’s Balance Sheet (Horizontal Form)
- Concept of Private Placement
- Meaning and Concept of Debentures
- Issue of Debentures at Par at Premium and at Discount
- Issue of Debentures for Consideration Other than Cash
- Issue of Debentures with Terms of Redemption
- Issue of Debentures as Collateral Security for a Loan
- Interest on Debentures
- Redemption of Debentures for Immediate Cancellation - Draw of Lots, Lump Sum and Purchase in the Open Market
- Creation of Debenture Redemption Reserve
- Accounting for Debentures - Conversion Method
- Meaning of Redemption of Debentures
Graphs and Charts for Business Data
Financial Statement Analysis
Analysis of Financial Statements
- Financial Statements of a Company
- Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance Sheet in the Prescribed Form with Major Headings and Sub Headings
- Concept of Financial Statement Analysis
- Comparative Statements
- Common Size Statements
- Cash Flow Analysis
- Ratio Analysis and its Types
- Concept of Accounting Ratios
- Liquidity Ratios
- Solvency Ratios - Debt to Equity Ratio
- Solvency Ratios - Debt to Total Assets Ratio
- Solvency Ratios - Proprietary Ratio
- Solvency Ratios - Interest Coverage Ratio
- Activity Ratios - Inventory Turnover Ratio
- Activity Ratios - Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio
- Activity Ratios - Trade Payables Turnover Ratio
- Activity Ratios - Working Capital Turnover Ratio
- Profltabtltty Ratios - Gross Profit Ratio
- Profitability Ratios - Net Profit Ratio
- Profitability Ratios - Operating Ratio
- Profitability Ratios - Operating Profit Ratio
- Profitability Ratios - Earning per Share
- Profitability Ratios - Price Earning Ratio
- Profitability Ratios - Return on Investment
Cash Flow Statement
Accountancy : Computerised Accounting System
Data Base Management System for Accounting
- Introduction Data Base Management System for Accounting
- Database Management System (DBMS)
- Features of Database Management System (DBMS)
- Understanding and Defining the Database Requirement
- Identification of Data to Be Stored in Tables
- Logical Structuring of Data in Tables
- Creating Database Tables in Microsoft Access
- Creation of Query in Microsoft Access
- Creation of Forms in Microsoft Access
- Creation of Reports in Microsoft Access
Related QuestionsVIEW ALL [10]
Bora, Singh and Ibrahim were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5: 3: 1. On 2-3-2015 their firm was dissolved. The assets were realized and the liabilities were paid off. Given below are the Realisation Account, Partners' Capital Account and Bank Account of the firm. The accountant of the firm left a few amounts unposted in these accounts. You are required to complete these accounts by posting the correct amounts.
Realisation Account | |||
Dr. | Cr. | ||
Particular |
Amount Rs |
Particular |
Amount Rs |
To Stock To Debtors To Plant and Machinery To Bank Sundry Creditors 16,000 Bills Payable 3,400 Mortgage Loan 15,000 To Bank (Outstanding repairs) To Bank (Exp.)
|
10,000 25,000 40,000
34,400 400 620
|
By Provision of bad debts By Sundry Creditors By Bills Payables By Mortgage Loan By Bank – Assets realized Stock 6,700 Debtors 12,500 Plant & Machinery 36,000 By Bank – unrecorded unrecorded assets realized By ______________________
|
5,000 16,600 3,400 15,000
55,200 6,220 ------
|
1,10,420 |
1,10,420 |
Capital Account | |||||||
Dr. | Cr. | ||||||
Particulars |
Bora Rs |
Singh Rs |
Ibrahim Rs |
Particulars |
Bora Rs |
Singh Rs |
Ibrahim Rs |
- - |
- - |
- - |
- - |
By Balance b/d By General Reserve |
22,000 2,500 |
18,000 1,500 |
10,000 500 |
24,500 | 19,500 | 10,500 | 24,500 | 19,500 | 10,500 |
Bank Account | |||
Particular |
Amount Rs |
Particular Rs |
Amount Rs |
To Balance b/d To Realisation _______________
|
19,500 55,200 -------
|
By Realisation (liabilities) By Realisation (Unrecorded liabilities) By __________ By __________
|
34,400 400
|
80,920 | 80,920 |
The Balance Sheet of Sudha, Rahim and Kartik who were sharing profit in the ratio of 3:3:4. On the 31st March 2012 their Balance Sheet was as follows:
Liabilities | Rs | Assets | Rs |
General Reserve Bills Payable Loan Capital: Sudha 60,000 Rahim 50,000 Kartik 40,000 |
10,000 5,000 12000
1,50,000 |
Cash Stock Investments Land & Building Sudha's loan
|
16,000 44,000 47,000 60000 10,000
|
1,77,000 | 1,77,000 |
Sudha died on June 30th, 2012. The partnership deed provided for the following on the death of a partner:
a. Goodwill of the firm be valued at two years purchase of average profits for the last three years.
b. Sudha's share of profit or loss till the date of her death was to be calculated on the basis of sales. Sales for the year ended 31st March 2012 amounted to Rs 4,00,000 and that from 1st April to 30th June 2012 to Rs 1,50,000. The profit for the year ended 31st March 2012 was Rs 1,00,000.
c. Interest on capital was to be provided @ 6% p.a.
d. The average profits of the last three years were Rs 42,000.
e. According to Sudha's will, the executors should donate her share to "Matri Chhaya - an orphanage for girls.
Prepare Sudha's Capital Account to be rendered to her executor. Also, identify the value being highlighted in the question.
Vikas, Gagan and Momita were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2: 2: 1. The firm closes its books on 31st March every year. On 30th September 2014 Momita died. According to the provisions of partnership deed the legal representatives of a deceased partner are entitled to the following in the event of his/her death:
1) Capital as per the last Balance Sheet.
2) Interest on capital at 6% p.a. till the date of her death.
3) Her share of profit to the date of death calculated on the basis of average profits of last four years.
4) Her share of goodwill to be determined on the basis of three years purchase of the average
profits of last four years. The profits of last four years were:
Years | Profit (Rs) |
2010 – 2011 | 30,000 |
2011 – 2012 | 50,000 |
2012 – 2013 | 40,000 |
2013 – 2014 | 60,000 |
The balance in Momita's capital account on 31-3-2014 was Rs 60,000 and she had withdrawn Rs 10,000 till the date of her death. Interest on her drawings was Rs 300. Prepare Momita's Capital Account to be presented to her executors.
Ashok, Babu and Chetan were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3:3. The firm closes its books on 31st March every year. On 31st December 2016, Ashok died. The partnership deed provided that on the death of a partner his executors will be entitled for the following.
1) Balance in his capital account. On 1.4.2016, there was a balance of Rs 90,000 in Ashok’s Capital Account
2) Interest on Capital @12% per annum
3) His share in the profits of the firm in the year of his death will be calculated on the basis of the rate of net profit on sales of the previous year, which was 25%. The sales of the firm till 31st December 2016 were Rs 4, 00,000.
4) His share in the goodwill of the firm. The goodwill of the firm on Ashok’s death was valued at 4,50,000. The partnership deed also provided for the following deduction from the amount payable to the executor of the deceased partner:
- His drawings in the year of his death, Ashok’s drawings till 31.12.2016 were Rs 15,000.
- Interest on drawings @12 % per annum which was calculated on Rs 1,500.
The accountant of the firm prepared Ashok’s Capital Account to be presented to the executor of Ashok but in a hurry, he left it incomplete. Ashok’s Capital Account as prepared by the firm accountant is given below.
Ashok Capital Account | |||
Dr. | Cr. | ||
Date Particulars | Rs | Date Particulars | Rs |
2016 Dec 31 _________ Dec 31 _________ Dec 31 _________
|
15,000 ______ ______
|
2016 April 1 _________ Dec 31 _________ Dec 31 _________ Dec 31 _________ Dec 31 _________ |
90,000 8,300 40,000 90,000 90,000 |
3,18,100 | 3,18,100 |
Your are required to complete Ashok’s Capital Account.
Sunny, Honey and Rupesh were partners in a firm. On 31-3-2014 their Balance Sheet was as follows :
Liabilities |
Amount Rs |
Assets |
Amount Rs |
Creditors General Reserve Capitals Sunny 30,000 Honey 30,000 Rupesh 20,000 |
10,000 30,000
80,000 |
Plant and Machinery Furniture Investment Debtors Stock
|
40,000 15,000 20,000 20,000 25,000
|
1,20,000 | 1,20,000 |
Honey dies on 31-12-2014. The partnership deed provides that the representatives of the deceased partner shall be entitled to:
(1) Balance in the capital account of the deceased partner.
(2) Interest on capital @ 6% p.a. upto the date of his death.
(3) His share in the undistributed profits or losses as per the balance sheet.
(4) His share in the profit of the firm till the date of his death, calculated on the basis of the rate of net profit on sales of the previous year. The rate of net profit on the sale of the previous year was 20%. Sales of the firm during the year till 31-12-2014 was Rs 6,00,000.
Prepare Honey's Capital Account to be presented to his executors.
The following is the Balance Sheet of A, B and C as on 31st March 2014
Liabilities |
Amount Rs |
Assets | RS |
Sundry Creditors Reserve Fund Capital Accounts A 15,000 B 7,500 C 7,500 |
4,500 |
Cash in hand Cash at bank Stock Debtors Furniture Tools |
300 7,500 9,000 9,000 12,000 1,500 |
39,300 | 39,300 |
'C' died on 300 June 2014. Under the terms of Partnership Deed, the executors of the deceased partner were entitled to:
(a) The amount standing to the credit of partner's capital account.
(b) Interest on capital @ 6% per annum.
(c) A share of goodwill on the basis of twice the average of past three years profits.
(d) A share of profit from the closing of last financial year to the date of death on the basis of last year's profit. The profits of the last three years were as follows
Year |
Profit Rs |
2011-2012 | 9,000 |
2012-2013 | 10,500 |
2013-2014 | 12,000 |
The firm closes its books on 31st March every year. The partners shared profits in the ratio of their capitals.
Prepare C's Capital Account to be presented to his executors.
Monika, Sonika and Mansha were partners in firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:2:1 respectively. On 31st, March 2013, their Balance Sheet as under:
Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2013 | |||
Liabilities | Rs | Assets | Rs |
Capital: Monika 1,80,000 Sonika 1,50,000 Mansha 90,000 Reserve Fund Creditors |
4,20,000 1,50,000 2,40,000 |
Fixed Asset Stock Debtors Cash
|
3,60,000 60,000 1,20,000 2,70,000
|
|
8,10,000 | 8,10,000 |
Sonika died on 30th June 2013. It was agreed between her executors and the remaining partners that:
a. Goodwill of the firm be valued at 3 years' purchase of average profits for the last four years. The average profits were Rs 2,00,000
b. Interest on capital be provided at 12% p.a.
c. Her share in the profits up to the date of death will be calculated on the basis of average profits for the last four years.
Prepare Sonika's Capital Account as on 30th June 2013.
Arun, Varun and Karan were Partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3:3. On 31-3-2014, their Balance Sheet was as follows :
Liabilities |
Amount Rs |
Assets |
Amount Rs |
Creditors Bills Payable Karan’s Loan Capitals Arun 70,000 Varun 68,000 |
17,000 12,000 28,000
1,38,000 |
Cash Debtors Bills payable Furniture Machinery Karan’s Capital |
8,000 13,000 9,000 27,000 1,25,000 13,000 |
1,95,000 | 1,95,000 |
On 30.9.2014, Karan died. The partnership Deed provided for the following to the executors of the deceased partner
(a) His share in the goodwill of the firm calculated on the basis of three year's purchase of the average profits of the last four years. The profits of the last four years were Rs 1,90,000; Rs 1,70,000; Rs 1,80,000 and Rs 1,60,000 respectively.
(b) His share in the profits of the firm till the date of his death calculated on the basis of the average profits of the last four years.
(c) Interest @8% p.a. on the credit balance, if any, in his Capital Account.
(d) Interest on his loan @12% p.a.
Prepare Karan's Capital Account to be presented to his executors, assuming that his loan and interest on a loan was transferred to his Capital Account