Multiplication of Vector by a Scalar

Define a scalar. Give examples?

Write a short note on the scalar product between two vectors.

Consider the x-axis as representing east, the y–axis as north, and the z-axis as vertically upwards. Give the vector representing each of the following points.

a) 5 m northeast and 2 m up

b) 4 m southeast and 3 m up

c) 2 m northwest and 4 m up