Hybridisation - Types of Hybridisation

What do you understand by bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons? Illustrate by giving one example of each type.

Apart from tetrahedral geometry, another possible geometry for CH₄ is square planar with the four H atoms at the corners of the square and the C atom at its centre. Explain why CH₄ is not square planar?

Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.

What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in the following molecules?

(a) C₂H₂ (b) C₂H₄

Draw diagrams showing the formation of a double bond and a triple bond between carbon atoms in C₂H₄ and C₂H₂ molecules.