Topics
Micro Economics
Introduction to Micro and Macro Economics
Utility Analysis
- Utility
- Types of Utility
- Concepts of Utility
- Relationship Between Total Utility and Marginal Utility
- Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Assumptions of Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Exceptions to the Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Criticisms of the Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Significance of the Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Relationship Between Marginal Utility and Price
- Diminishing Marginal Utility
Macro Economics
Demand Analysis
Elasticity of Demand
Supply Analysis
Forms of Market
Index Numbers
National Income
- Concept of National Income
- Features of National Income
- Circular Flow of National Income
- Different Concepts of National Income
- Methods of Measurement of National Income
- Output Method/Product Method
- Income Method
- Expenditure Method
- Difficulties in the Measurement of National Income
- Importance of National Income Analysis
Public Finance in India
Money Market and Capital Market in India
- Financial Market
- Money Market in India
- Structure of Money Market in India
- Organized Sector
- Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
- Commercial Banks
- Co-operative Banks
- Development Financial Institutions (DFIs)
- Discount and Finance House of India (DFHI)
- Unorganized Sector
- Role of Money Market in India
- Problems of the Indian Money Market
- Reforms Introduced in the Money Market
- Capital Market
- Structure of Capital Market in India
- Role of Capital Market in India
- Problems of the Capital Market
- Reforms Introduced in the Capital Market
Foreign Trade of India
- Internal Trade
- Foreign Trade of India
- Types of Foreign Trade
- Role of Foreign Trade
- Composition of India’s Foreign Trade
- Direction of India’s Foreign Trade
- Trends in India’s Foreign Trade since 2001
- Concept of Balance of Payments (BOP)
Introduction to Micro Economics
- Features of Micro Economics
- Analysis of Market Structure
- Importance of Micro Economics
- Micro Economics - Slicing Method
- Use of Marginalism Principle in Micro Economics
- Micro Economics - Price Theory
- Micro Economic - Price Determination
- Micro Economics - Working of a Free Market Economy
- Micro Economics - International Trade and Public Finance
- Basis of Welfare Economics
- Micro Economics - Useful to Government
- Assumption of Micro Economic Analysis
- Meaning of Micro and Macro Economics
Consumers Behavior
Analysis of Demand and Elasticity of Demand
Analysis of Supply
Types of Market and Price Determination Under Perfect Competition
- Market
- Forms of Market
- Market Forms - Duopoly
- Equilibrium Price
Factors of Production
- Factors of Production - Land
- Factors of Production - Labour
- Factors of Production - Capital
- Factors of Production - Feature of Capital
- Factors of Production - Organisation
Introduction to Macro Economics
- Features of Macro Economic
- Improtance of Macro Economic
- Difference Between Mirco Economic and Macro Economic
- Allocation of Resource and Economic Variable
National Income
Determinants of Aggregates
- Total Demand for Good and Services
- Concept of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
- Consumption Demand
- Investment Demand
- Government Demand
- Foreign Demand
- Difference Betweeen Export and Import
- Effect of Population of Consumption Expediture
- Types of Investment Expenditure
- Micro Eco-Equilibrium
Money
- Meaning of Money
- Type of Money
- Function of Money - Primary Function
- Function of Money - Secondary Functions
- Standard of Deferred Payment
- Standard of Transfer Payment
- Money - Store of Value
- Concept of Barter Exchange
- Difficulties Involved in the Barter Exchange
- Monetary Payments
- Concept of Good Money
Commercial Bank
Central Bank
- Definition - Central Bank
- Central Bank Function - Banker's Bank
- Central Bank Function - Controller of Credit
- Monetary Function of Central Bank
- Non Monetary Function of Central Bank
- Method of Credit Control - Quantitative
- Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate
- Central Bank Function - Goverment Bank
Public Economics
- Introduction of Public Economics
- Features of Public Economics
- Meaning of Government Budget
- Objectives of Government Budget
- Features of Government Budget
- Public Economics - Budget (1 Year)(1 April to 31 March)
- Types of Budget
- Taxable Income
- Budgetary Accounting in India
- Budgetary Accounting - Consolidated , Contingency and Public Fund
- Components of Budget
- Factor Influencing Government Budget
Notes
B) Revenue Concepts :
The term ‘revenue’ refers to the receipts obtained by a firm from the sale of certain quantities of a commodity at given price in the market. The concept of revenue relates to total revenue, average revenue and marginal revenue.
1) Total Revenue (TR) :
Total revenue is the total sales proceeds of a firm by selling a commodity at a given price. It is the total income of a firm. Total revenue is calculated as follows :
Total revenue = Price × Quantity
For example, if a firm sells 15 units of a commodity at ₹200 per unit TR is calculated as :
TR = P × Q
= ₹200 × 15
= ₹3000
2) Average Revenue (AR) :
Average revenue is the revenue per unit of output sold. It is obtained by dividing the total revenue by the number of units sold.
`"AR"="TR"/"TQ"`
AR = Average Revenue
TR= Total Revenue
TQ =Total Quantity
For example, if the total revenue of 15 units, is ₹3000, then average revenue is calculated as :
`"AR"="TR"/"TQ"`
`=3000/15`
=₹200
3) Marginal Revenue :
Marginal revenue is the net addition made to total revenue by selling an extra unit of the commodity.
MRn = TRn – TRn-1
MRn = Marginal revenue of nth unit
TRn = Total revenue of nth unit
TRn-1 = Total Revenue of previous units
n = Number of units sold
For example, if the previous total revenue from the sale of 20 tables is ₹4000 and that from the sale of 21 tables is ₹4200, marginal revenue is calculated as :
MRn = TRn – TRn-1
=4200-4000
= ₹200 per table
