Topics
Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence
Introductory Macroeconomics
Introduction
- Meaning of Micro and Macro Economics
- What is an Economy?
- Positive and Normative Economics
- Central Problems of an Economy
- Concepts of Production Possibility Frontier
- Concept of Opportunity Cost
- Understanding Economics - Adam Smith (Father of Economic)
- Understanding Economics - Dr Alfred Marshall
- Understanding Economics - Lord Robbins
- Understanding Economics - Prof Samuelson
- Types of Economic System - Capitalism
- Types of Economic System -socialism
- Efficient Utilization of Resource
- A Simple Economy
- The Centrally Planned Economy
- The Market Economy
Introduction to Macroeconomics
National Income and Related Aggregates
- Concept of National Income
- Basic Concepts - Consumption Goods
- Basic Concepts - Capital Goods
- Basic Concepts - Final Goods
- Basic Concepts - Intermediate Goods
- Meaning of Investment
- Depreciation
- Basic Concepts - Gross Investment
- Basic Concepts - Net Investment
- Basic Concepts - Stocks and Flows
- Circular Flow of Income (Two Sector Model)
- Methods of Calculating National Income - Value Added Or Product Method
- Expenditure Method
- Income Method
- Aggregates Related to National Income - Gross National Product (GNP)
- Aggregates Related to National Income - Net National Product (NNP)
- Gross and Net Domestic Product (GDP and NDP)
- GDP and Welfare
- Aggregates related to National Income - Private Income
- Aggregates Related to National Income - Personal Income
- Aggregates Related to National Income - Personal Disposable Income
- Aggregates Related to National Income - Domestic Income (NDP)
- National Disposable Income (Gross and Net)
- Aggregates Related to National Income - Gross Value Added and Net Value Added
- Real and Nominal GDP
- Macroeconomic Identities
- Methods of Calculating National Income - Factor Cost, Basic Prices and Market Prices
Indian Economy 1950-1990
Indian Economic Development
Consumer Equilibrium and Demand
- Consumer's Equilibrium
- Meaning of Utility
- Total Utility and Marginal Utility
- Diminishing Marginal Utility
- Conditions of Consumer's Equilibrium Using Marginal Utility Analysis
- Consumer's Budget
- Preferences of the Consumer
- Cardinal Approach (Utility Analysis)
- Ordinal Approach (Utility Analysis)
- Demand
- Market Demand
- Change in Demand
- Change in Quantity Demand
- Determinants of Demand
- Demand Schedule
- Demand Curve and Its Slope
- Movement Along and Shifts in the Demand Curve
- Elasticity of Demand
- Type of Elasticity of Demand
- Factors Affecting Price Elasticity of Demand
- Degrees of Elasticity of Demand
- Measurement of Elasticity of Demand
- Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS)
- Indifference Curve
Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation : an Appraisal
Introductory Microeconomics
Producer Behaviour and Supply
- Production Function
- Production Function - Short-run
- Production Function - Long-run
- Concept of Production
- Total Product
- Average Product
- Marginal Product
- Relation Between Total, Average and Marginal Product
- Law of Variable Proportions
- Average and Marginal Physical Products
- Returns to a Factor
- Basic Concepts of Cost
- Short Run Cost Curves
- Cost - Fixed Cost
- Cost -variable Cost
- Cost - Total Cost
- Cost - Total Fixed Cost
- Cost - Total Variable Cost
- Cost - Average Cost
- Cost - Average Fixed Cost
- Cost - Average Variable Cost
- Cost - Marginal Cost
- Relationship Between Average Variable Cost and Average Total Cost and Marginal Cost
- Concept of Opportunity Cost
- Total, Average and Marginal Revenue
- Concept of Producer's Equilibrium
- Concept of Supply - Supply Schedule and Supply Curve
- Market Supply
- Difference Between Stock and Supply
- Determinants of Supply
- Supply Curve and Schedule
- Movements Along and Shifts in Supply Curve
- Measurement of Price Elasticity of Supply - Percentage-change Method
- Measurement of Price Elasticity of Supply - Geometric Method
- Total, Average and Marginal Cost
- The Law of Diminishing Marginal Product
- Shapes of Product Curves
- Costs - Long Run Costs
- Returns to Scale
Money and Banking
- Meaning of Money
- Function of Money - Primary Function
- Function of Money - Secondary Functions
- Standard of Deferred Payment
- Money - Store of Value
- Money - Transfer of Value
- Meaning of Supply of Money
- Concept of Barter Exchange
- Difficulties Involved in the Barter Exchange
- Monetary Payments
- Commercial Banks
- Currency Held by the Public and Net Demand Deposits Held by Commercial Banks
- Money Creation Or Credit Creation by the Commercial Banking System
- Definition - Central Bank
- Function of Central Bank - Bank of Issue
- Central Bank Function - Goverment Bank
- Central Bank Function - Banker's Bank
- Central Bank Function - Controller of Credit
- Control of Credit Through Bank Rate
- Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
- Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
- Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate
- Open Market Operations
- Margin Requirement
- Demand for Money
- Policy Tools to Control Money Supply
- Balance Sheet of a Fictional Bank
- Limits to Credit Creation and Money Multiplier
Poverty
Determination of Income and Employment
- Concept of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
- Consumption Function and Propensity to Save
- Equilibrium Output
- Investment Multiplier and Its Mechanism
- Meaning of Full Employment
- Voluntary Unemployment and Involuntary Unemployment
- Problems of Excess Demand and Deficient Demand
- Measures to Correct the Excess Demand and Deficient Demand
- Changes in Government Spending Taxes and Money Supply
- Unemployment
- Consumption
- Investment
- Determination of Income in Two-sector Model
- Macroeconomic Equilibrium with Price Level Fixed
- Effect of an Autonomous Change in Aggregate Demand on Income and Output
- The Multiplier Mechanism
Forms of Market and Price Determination
- Market
- Market Equilibrium
- Determination of Market Equilibrium
- Effects of Shifts in Demand and Supply
- Features of Perfect Competition
- Imperfect Competition
- Forms of Market
- Features of Oligopoly
- Market Forms - Perfect Oligopoly
- Market Forms - Imperfect Oligopoly
- Equilibrium Price
- Simple Applications of Demand and Supply
- Price Ceiling
- Price Floor
- Revenue
- Profit Maximisation
- Determinants of a Firm’s Supply Curve
- Market Supply Curve
- Price Elasticity of Supply
Human Capital Formation in India
Government Budget and the Economy
- Meaning of Government Budget
- Objectives of Government Budget
- Components of Budget
- Classification of Receipts
- Classification of Expenditure
- Types of Budget
- Types of Budget - Deficit Budget
- Measures of Government Deficit Or Surpluses
- Direct and Indirect Tax
- Government Budget - Allocation of Resources
- Deficit Budget - Primary Deficit
- Meaning of Disinvestment
Non - Competitive Markets
Balance of Payments
- Concept of Balance of Payments Account
- Measure to Control Disequilibrium
- Balance of Payments Deficit Meaning
- Systems of Exchange Rates
- Concept of Foreign Exchange Rate
- Determination of Exchange Rate in a Free Market
- Devaluation of a Currency
- Revaluation of a Currency
- Balance of Trade
- Current Account
- Capital Account
- Balance of Payments Surplus and Deficit
- Foreign Exchange Rate
- Determination of the Exchange Rate
- Merits and Demerits of Flexible and Fixed Exchange Rate Systems
- Managed Floating
Rural Development
Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues
- Introduction to Employment - Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues
- Workers and Employment
- Participation of People in Employment
- Self-employed and Hired Workers
- Employment in Firms, Factories and Offices
- Growth and Changing Structure of Employment
- Employment - Informalisation
- Employment - Workforce
- Unemployment
- Government and Employment Generation
Infrastructure
Environment and Sustainable Development
Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours
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- Meaning of Balance of Payments Account
- Components of Balance of Payments Account
- Causes of disequilibrium and how the disequilibrium can be corrected.
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